WHAT CAN BE DONE IF THE NUMBER OF SPERMS IS SCARCE OR WHEN THERE ARE NO SPERM CELLS IN SEMEN ANALYSIS?

In this case, first thing to be done is to perform a biopsy in the testes of the male in order to see whether or not there is sperm production. If this was done previously, the pathology preparations will be requested, and same preparations will be re-examined in the pathology department of our center. After showing the presence of reproductive cells in the testes of the male partner, the preparatory stage of the female partner will start. TESE, TESA, MESA, PESA are methods used for obtaining sperm cells. If no reproductive cells are found, therapy will be terminated.

IS IT POSSIBLE TO SEE IF FERTILIZED OOCYTES (EMBRYOS) ARE ABNORMAL OR NOT BEFORE PLACING THEM IN THE UTERUS?

Yes. Embryos with chromosomal abnomalities are excluded by pre-implantation genetic diagnosis (PGD), and only the healthy embryos are transferred.

ARE THERE ANY MEASURES TO BE TAKEN BEFORE PREGNANCY IN TERMS OF GENETIC PROBLEMS?

Yes. Pre-implantation Genetic Diagnosis is a method that is performed with this purpose. For the families having high risk in terms of hereditary disorders, embryos obtained by in vitro fertilization are studied by PGD methods and only the healthy embryos are transferred. Usually, the success rate decreases as the age of the woman advances (37-45), and pregnancies achieved can end up with abortus. Since the chromosomal anomalies are seen more frequently with the advancing age, cells to be analyzed are taken from embryos on the third day of development. One or two cells thus obtained are evaluated within a few hours by molecular diagnosis methods, and healthy embryos are selected and transferred. These methods provide information about chromosomal anomalies that increase mostly with advancing age, and that are campatible with life (Trisomies 13, 18, 21 and X, Y). The pregnancy rates in women with advanced age can be increased if the number of the embryos is sufficient, and the risk of abortus can be reduced.